In the days of yore, the instrument Angklung is an instrument which has the function of religious ritual. The main function is as a medium angklung Host Dewi Sri (the goddess of rice / fertility) to come down to earth and give fertility to the growing season. Angklung used are tritonik (three tones), tonic tetra (four tones) and penta tonic (5 tones). Angklung of this type are often referred to as angklung Buhun which means "old Angklung" are not influenced by elements from outside. Until today in some villages still found a variety of activities that use angklung Buhun ceremony, including: harvest festival, ngaseuk pare, nginebkeun pare, pare ngampihkeun, seren taun, nadran, helaran, down earth, earth etc. charity.
Angklung Traditional
Angklung Baduy
It is not known from where the origin Baduy Angklung Angklung and since when this type began to emerge. Its spread is not too broad. This is expected because the forms show a monotonous and boring for the viewer. In Baduy Jero,
Angklung Baduy used as art that supports a traditional ceremony honoring Sang Hyang Asri or Dewi Sri as the goddess of agriculture and fertility. The ceremony is known by the name ngaseuk pare, the ceremony is performed when the fields planting rice seeds, and pare ngampihkeun ceremony, which is when transporting rice harvest to the barn.
Baduy Angklung consists of four pieces, each shelf is called king-king, indo, panempas, and gong-gong. Dog-dog and the drum serves as an accompaniment rhythm and tempo rhythm track. The players wore black or white shucks, lomar, and iket. Number of players reached fifteen people, consisting of nine people who play the Angklung, three drum players, and the others acted as a dancer.
In the game, Angklung and dog-dog accompany their singing and dancing (ngalagu Jeung ngalage). Singing is done by bersahut-replication, while dancing, and moving around. The songs are played, among others, called Swing, swing, Aunt Lenjang, Cik Arileu, Hiah-hiah Long, Jari Gandang, Keupat Rendang, Lili-Liyang, Nganteh, Ngaseh, Oray-orayan, Pong-pok, Salaela, Yandi Bibi, armpit-armpit, and Pileuleuyan.
Angklung Beans
Angklung Beans was first made by Mr. Bonce in 1795 in Kampung Cipurut, Village Baros, Arjasari, Bandung. Narrated, Mr. Bonce the day-to-day work as pembubu fish in the river, a river to discover where she kept the traps overflow flooding. The flood washed away some bamboo sticks and then he took home and stored on the stove. Once dried, the bamboo was pounded and turned out to produce a good sound and loud. The bamboo is then processed and made Angklung music instrument. Angklung Angklung is then called Beans. Mr. Bonce create seven sets of Angklung Beans are then sold to Aki Dartiam. By Aki Dartiam,-Angklung Angklung is then combined with dog-dog and trumpet.
Beans Angklung played as an art that accompanies the ceremony - the ceremony of the people or events that involved many people, including ceremonies nginebkeun pare or transporting rice from the fields to the house, ceremony or parade heleran accompany the child from the home circumcision circumcised child to the home Bengkong (pengkhitan ), weddings, and in welcoming national holidays.
Angklung gubrag
In ancient times, Kampung Cipining, Bogor, were threatened by famine due to rice crops in the fields that do not grow well. Residents believe that the disaster occurred due to anger Dewi Sri, who was depressed because of lack of entertainment, or being angry with people. Residents who also believed that Goddess Sri dwells in space and then made great efforts to invite back Dewi Sri to come down to earth and gave the blessing for the fertility of rice plant population. Several attempts were made, among which is to provide alms offerings, events, performing arts such as flute, Karinding performances, and others.
But these efforts do not bring results. Dewi Sri is still not willing to come down to earth, and the rice plant population still does not grow well. Finally, arose then a young man named Mukhtar. He invites his friends to go to Mount Cirangsad to cut down bamboo trees letters. Bamboo is then dried and while doing dead geni for forty days, Mukhtar to process the bamboo into waditra Angklung. Angklung is then enhanced with added two-dog dog lojor. He teaches the game Angklung kemudin to residents and arrange a ceremony for the Goddess Sri, using art as a medium Angklung. Apparently after the ceremony, the rice plant population is growing well, fertile, and grain-grain was so pithy.
It was believed as a sign that the Goddess Sri has received the ceremony, down to earth and willing to give a blessing of fertility. Because it was able to lure Angklung Dewi Sri to come down from heaven (in Sundanese Ngagubrag), is then called Angklung Angklung gubrag. Angklung gubrag seren taun played at the ceremony, the massive ceremony at the end of harvest. In addition, Angklung gubrag also played in the ceremonies of a celebration of family, holiday events, national holidays, and other events relating to and involving many people.
Angklung Bungko
Angklung Bungko Bungko contained in the Village, located on the border between Cirebon and Indramayu.
Angklung Bungko first believed to have made more than 600 years old. Even so, the first Bungko
Angklung is still there, stored properly, even when not pitched longer.
Angklung first Bungko is always included in every performance art
Angklung Bungko as its official symbol of the performance.
Angklung Bungko preserved by a society leader named Sheikh large splotch or Ki Gede Bungko, once used as an art that accompanies Bungko Village residents fought against pirate attacks. By Ki Gede Bungko, Angklung Bungko then used as the arts that support the spread of Islam. In addition to these types Angklung, there are many more other types
Angklung spread in almost all corners of the region of West Java.
Angklung Jinjing noted there is often played in events entertainment, there is no vocal arts in the region
Angklung Kanekes,
Angklung with the lyric art form in the region susualan Panamping, sered
Angklung art in the form of Tasikmalaya district race waditra Angklung play for children, and deodorized.
One of the preservation and development of traditional Angklung art has been done by Udjo Ngalagena through training programs in the arts of traditional Angklung Saung Angklungnya art studio, where each - each participant was required to learn and master the traditional Angklung Angklung training before stepping into the modern or other Sundanese arts which has been modified.
Modern Angklung (Padaeng)
In 1938, Daeng, a teacher Hollandsch Inlandsche School (HIS) in Kuningan regency, West Java, considered to have worked well angklung put back position in the middle of the modernization of society by performing Angklung musical instruments from simple tools and just scale scales pentatonic scale into complex Angklung diatonic scales. Angklung is later known as Angklung Daeng or commonly known as Angklung Padaeng. Angklung Daeng, seen from the procedure how to play the tune and scale the ladder, allowing to reach repertoire of popular-song repertoire, not only contained in the national musical treasures, but also other Western music.
Daeng is very fond childhood angklung. At the time teaching at HIS Brass, learn the ins and outs of Angklung Daeng in more depth, including the creation and maintenance of a character named Mr. angklung maker Djaja. Daeng which is currently still studying in Kweekschool studied Western music, and then try to make the use Angklung scale diatonic scales. Angklung Daeng considers the diatonic scale tend to be more communicative to be taught in schools. In addition, the public has been more familiar than the diatonic scales scale scales pentatonic scale.
With the help of Mr. Djaja, Daeng successfully created a set of Angklung diatonic which was first introduced to children Scouts where Daeng itself acts as a builder. This instrument is then quickly accepted into the art facilities in Pramukanya group life, especially in the scouting meetings and camp. Meanwhile, Angklung Padaeng in Brass became famous widely in various circles. In 1946 the arts group believed Angklung Daeng demonstrates skill at entertainment events in Negotiations Linggar Teak. In 1950, Daeng moved to Bandung and teaching at SMP 2 Bandung. While in Bandung too, Angklung Daeng develop given the honor of diatonic and displays them in art events in 1955 Asian-African Conference.
Differences with traditional Angklung Angklung Daeng, except in scale scales, are also included in how to play. Traditional Angklung Angklung is a joint that is played by a player only, while Angklung Daeng made to be played together, where each player plays only one note only, and harmony can be achieved with kerjasana song that neatly between the players. As a teacher, Daeng see it as something positive for education, especially in the formation of character education. Seen in the game Angklung properties work together, discipline, precision, skill, and sense of responsibility. Similarly, on matters which are basic fundamentals in music education, such as generating attention to the music, turn on music and develop musicality, melody, rhythm, and harmony.
Daeng Sutigna not only succeeded in enriching the treasury instrument Angklung, which previously only berlaraskan gamut of traditional (pentatonic), be increased by the Angklung is diatonic chromatic scale, but Mr. Daeng is also very instrumental in its development into the modern music, including melody area of 3 ½ octaves, is equipped with a chord or akompanyemen Angklung (large and small), to accompany the musical instrument Angklung.
Angklung melodies have a number for each angklung, which will be converted into a certain tone, in accordance with the basic tone is used. While angklung accompanist / akompanyemen already have a chord that remains, and will not change despite the song being played to have different tones. Broadly speaking, the division of Angklung Padaeng is as given below:
Development of Indonesia's Angklung
A Miracle Angklung
Another thing is the development of values means in sound art education such as:
* Generating interest in music.
* Turning on musicality.
* Develop a sense of rhythm, melody, harmony, and others.
* Another thing that is no less important are:
* The development of intelligence.
* Creativity, discipline.
* Support the distribution of emotions, expressions for happiness in playing music.
* As well as training coordination body motion when the music dala order neural psychomotor development.
* Even today, in some health centers have been found in studies that angklung can be healing therapies as described above regarding the development of psychomotor nerve.
* Further, through the traditional arts are expected to stimulate interest in young people's idealism and the existence of Sundanese traditional arts and environmental conservation.
This is according to our language, is "A Miracle Angklung".
Angklung & Character Building
Angklung of the many charms and charm, has other side effects are good also because of some real benefits are: Through the arts angklung, are expected to foster good values in them, especially in the character-buliding, such as:
Cooperation, Mutual Cooperation, Discipline, Accuracy, stunt, Responsibility and others.
ince Angklung is an instrument or waditra art made from a special bamboo, which was discovered by Mr. Daeng Sutigna about 1938. When the initial use is still limited to the interests angklung local or traditional arts. However, due to the resulting sounds very sweet and also has local and international content such as sound a tone duremi fa so la the du and like, then
angklung too fast growing, not only locally but also performed performed regionally, nationally and internationally. Even supposedly when Angklung show ever held in front of the State Leaders at the Asia Africa Conference in Bandung, Gedung Merdeka in 1955.
The number of players can play angklung to 50 people, even up to 100 people and can be combined with other musical instruments such as piano, organ, guitar, drums, and others. Aside from being a tool of art, angklung can also be used as souvenirs or fruits after hand decorated various other accessories.
After the death of artistic creations Angklung Daeng Sutigna forwarded by Mang Ujo and Erwin Anwar. Even Mang Ujo have made the center of creation and development of artistic creations angklung called 'Saung Angklung Mang Ujo "Padasuka Cicaheum located in Bandung. One program that he did specifically to keep the arts Angklung Angklung is introduced to students in schools, from kindergarten, through high school levels and even has become one of the curriculum at the local subjects.
