Rebab go to Spain

The violin is one kind of Violin group, consisting of: Violin small, medium violin, viola and violin-bass great, the difference lies in size, but the way the resonant sounds and the same way. The violin is played by swiped, generally referred to: stringed instrument / string-bow. The origin of musical instruments including a long string in the history of mankind, along with the spread of cultural and historical change, and therefore in different regions may exist a different name for the same one musical instrument, or could have a similar name but is a tool different music, slowly along with the endemic situation has developed into a musical instrument diverse.
BIRTH

According to ancient records Aryans in India, at 5,000 years ago, the king Ravana of Sri Lanka has created a musical instrument that uses a string-bow, namely Ravanastron, then Ravanastron spread to Afghanistan and Persia, at the beginning of the century to 1, during the royal era Yue Da Shi in Afghanistan, the shape of music instruments that turned into a pipe (stringed musical instrument from China), flat top board, came back intact from its carved wooden concave, rather smooth, tone and resonance rather large. In the 7th century and spread to the Arab region during the golden age of Islam was renamed Rebab.
SPREADING TO EUROPE

Around the 8th century, along with the expansion of Islamic influence, Rebab go to Spain, when Spain was under the rule of the dynasty of Aragon, the Spanish call those instruments as Rebec or Rebeca. In the same time also enters Rome, Greece, Eastern Europe and Italy.


In medieval Europe, the development of stringed instrument is to Italy, Germany and France, although the origin of the stringed instrument is not in Europe, but has been raised and triumphed in Europe. Stringed instrument that originally entered Europe consists of 2 types namely: vertical grip and grip on the arm.


Violin with vertical grip is a way of presenting the beginning of the stringed instrument, since early-Arab Rebab to Rebeca, until after hundreds of years the change from Rebeca be Viol, all played with the vertical, until the 18th century was replaced with the popularity of the violin. But how to handle the vertical until now can be maintained at various local musical instruments, for example: Hu Qin (read: Hu Jin) from China, Gadulka from Eastern Europe, Sarangi and Sardi from India, Mongolia etc. Morinchur from.


How to hold the violin with the upper arm by putting Rebeca played on the back of the hand or clamped under the jaw, possibly influenced by Lyra from Egypt, also due to the influence of staging bum around Europe poet and artist, nomad, that's the pioneer / early form of modern violin.


Viol emerged a century earlier than the violin, because he had a vertical grip, so he is not an early form of violin, then both instruments exist together for 2 centuries. Viol voice clear and sweet, soft and elegant, which is why usually played at the forum of high society, as in the palace, while the violin volume is rather large, brilliant and beautiful voice, can be played between strong and weak levels, then it is more appropriate to the forum area, such as assembly and ball-room hotel, etc.. Then at about the 17th century (th 1650), clearly favored by the world Biola, Biola needs and positions since then exceeded Viol.
BIRTH OF VIOLIN

Under the cultural exchange and blow, the earliest modern violin emerged in the 16th century (about year 1520) in-northern Italy, the 16th century was a time tergemilang of the Renaissance, with the background of the Renaissance, gradually leading to a form of modern violin now This, of making subtle, process / technology designnya accordance with the principles of technology and aesthetics, even more beautiful voice and a loud, strong and agile highlight the characteristics of musical instruments today.


Then coupled with the grown-developed by Cremona and 3 clan's most famous violin makers of Cremona ie, Amati, Stradivari and Guarneri, until now they still have a violin made by a modern collector's seizure of goods, today is still recognized as the best violinist in the world.


Modern violin makers who actively seek more reform and renewal, but not always able to exceed the design of the predecessor generation, although there are a number of personal style or a change in the mini, but still can not get out of the original pattern, which is why there who think, violin is the item which has a maximum in the technological history of mankind.


Game and the position of violin technique in the late 16th century has not reached its peak, however follow the development of musical instruments and co-exist with the player and composer. In the mid-17th century, composers began to notice a particular form of music for certain performances, such as violin music or acoustic music, the violin gradually replace the role of viol.


Italian composer, Monteverdi officially incorporate the violin into the show, and has created a lot of violin playing techniques, produce a richer tone of voice and violin again. Marini has written much music for solo violin. While Corelli called the "father of modern violin technique", is an expert on professional performance was also a composer, he began to create the style violin sonatas and 12 pieces of its philharmonic orchestra concerts (big concert is an early form of the concert). Having already attended the composers as above which makes the development and position of the violin has advanced with great strides, also has influenced classical composers of the flow such as Bach, Georg Friedrich Handel, Mozart, etc.. At the time of Barocco because progress violin music, the music gradually separated from the way the church acoustic music performances and musical performances formed in space. Until the last days Barocco, the scale of the orchestra and its complexity is increasing, and the technique of musical performances are also becoming increasingly complex and diverse. Violin technique also in the early 19th century brought to a peak by expert Italian violinist, Paganini.
ENTRY INTO CHINA

Ravanastron mentioned at the beginning of this paper, (at first) has also spread to China, there is an entry into India to "Go Jia Kum", finally in the 13th century a new entry to China, it is Hu Qin from the horse-tail Song dynasty. After over 400 years, a new modern violin along with the entry of missionaries and merchants in the Qing dynasty (read: Ching) into China. The spread of early violin is only limited to missionary activities in the palace, after the Opium War, a new violin through a large number of missionaries following the bule seep into Chinese society, church and seminary school in droves philharmonic orchestra founded the music group and has been educating and fostering a lot of music personnel western style. Until 1927, Mr. Cai Yuanpei and Yumei Xiao center in Shanghai to establish country music, this is a high-level music school of the earliest built in China, and since then has started its own educational personnel performance.